Final Piece - 'Traditional Animation'

Final Piece
"Kettle Face"

Original storyboard 


For my final piece I decided to use the 'traditional method' of animation, drawing everything from hand was something I was comferatable doing. 
I made a few preliminary sketches around the edges of my storyboard just so I could get the feel for the character that I was going to draw, the storyboard itself looks relatively simple this is because characters body will always be in shot. I knew I wanted the actions of my animation to be easily perceived by the viewer, I thought the best way to do this would be to have a centralised composition. 
The subject's that will be animated will be; characters arms & wrists, facial expressions, tea cup moving, exaggeration of nose growth (into spout), tea pouring from nose (spout), according to my storyboard. 

Cartoon Network 'Adventure Time' Story Board

I used the same process as above

 Character Design


After creating a storyboard I then drafted out a design for my character, this was the crucial stage of the whole animation. Certain shapes have to be scaled out with consideration as they could be subjected to being animated, for instance if you look at the nose of my character (top left is the shape I used). I have used that shape in-particular because when the nose is being transformed into a 'tea spout' in later frames, the transition would look a lot more natural once it had been made into a GIF.
I knew this because I had priliminarly sketched a few forms of the transition beforehand.



Jim Jinkin's "Doug" - Nickelodeon 
Character: Roger M. Klotz

The house style I used is closely linked to Jim Jinkin's style of animation, I used his character design of the local bully that featured in the animations of 'Doug'. 
I needed inspiration to help me pick what sort of nose style would fit the animation of the nose being turned into a tea pot spout, I liked the way the nose is long and arrogant and it also could be smoothly transformed into what I wanted it to be.
I also appreciated the characters style of clothing, this is also something I implicated onto my own drawings. They suited the body language that my character was going to be showing in later frames (angry).

Jim Jinkins on Character Design

I like the way Jim has came up with the inspiration of characters for his animation of 'Doug', he has used his own life as reference. Which is something I also like incorporating in my own drawings, for instance there is a reason for the tea to be pouring out of my characters nose. I got the idea from being at work, a customer was being very angry towards me over something that really wasn't a big deal. And all I could think of was, "this guy is going to have steam coming from his ears in a minute". So thats where my animation was really born, I felt that the only good use for being angry like that would be to boil a kettle from all the steam your giving off and have a brew!

Rough narrative of what was going to happen between frames


The only thing I did not include was the 'takes sip of tea', as I feel the main purpose of this animation was to represent the anger within someone.
 As a rule I used 2 frames of the same image for everything, unless I wanted something to be animated for a bit longer in which case I used 4 frame for that same image. 
(for the steam coming out the ears I used roughly 8 frames altogether, this was something I ammended after the animation was created).

Home made animation drawing board

To make my own light-box for 2D animation I used: Picture frame, glass, tracing paper (diffuser),r
ruler with steel loops (peg board), hole puncher, blue-tac, shoe box to prompt the frame at an angle, and a desk lamp. 
You can see in the last image how effective this was, I could use this technique for 'onion skinning'.







Stop motion animation of Myself creating a traditional animation!


The video above shows the process of making 'kettle face', I used the traditional way to create it by drawing everything by hand on paper. At this moment of time I knew that the background was going to be kept as standard (plain white paper), this is something that can be added later.

Scanned images - before editing digitally

 This is my first draft of the animation you can still see pencil etchings, also its still in A4 format.
 A traditional GIF uses 600 pixels as its width, I will crop my images once I am happy with the frames.

What didn't go to plan

To make my life easier when I was drawing this, I used a
few compulsery shortcuts. For instance I wanted to create
the action of the steam purging from the character's head,
to do this I used frame #12 & #13 and repeated -
Frame: 11 - (12-13-12-13) -14  
I did not notice that this sequence would interfeir with the
final motion at the time, the nose was transforming to its
new form but then transforms back to its original form for
one frame. This made the nose look like it was 'jumping',
it didn't look right. To fix this I used photoshop and created
a new layer/frame to resurrect the motion, I used the pencil
tool to extend the nose and 'fill' to mask any redundant lines.  

New frame/layer created using Photoshop (Inbetweening)
New mouth layer created using Photoshop 
Frame #18(x4) was static images before being scanned,
to animate the tea pouring I changed two of the
frames/layers out of the four.
And placed them back in the timeline in the right order.
frame: 17 - (18 - 18new - 18 - 18new) - 19
Doing this made the pouring action of the tea more
 realistic compared to a still 





































⬆️Uploading & Saving

Using Photoshop as a platform to animate my images really sped things up, I didn't have too rely on 'online gif makers' to create it for me. 

To upload images to be made into a gif format, first you must upload images files into stack. Which basically prepares all your layers/frames for you, ready to be created into an animation.

Its important to know Photoshop's 'workspace' tabs, working on essentials (default) will allow you to adjust the layers and edit things like tone and colour. To work on the animation (moving image) you must select the 'motion' tab, which will then bring up a timeline with all the frames. 

I used 'essentials' to edit my background colour, I used a gradient with beige tone to represent the beverages tone. Also bumped up the brightness and contrast, I could change all my layers at once by grouping them.  


Second  draft 

Here is my second draft I thought it was completed until I watched it over and over on a 'loop', I noticed that the actions of the steam & pouring was not being shown for long enough to get a great emphasis on what is happening. 
To fix this I duplicated the layers/images that has the steam and 'tea pouring' to make them run for longer, also I could adjust the 'delay time' using Photoshop's 'timeline'.

Final Piece


Assets: 'Traditional animation', paper, pencil & pen, light box, trace, 'onion skinning', photoshop, scanned image, monochrome, 2D




Pixilation Animation - C

Stop Motion - Pixelation - "Missed The Bus"
Brief story board of "Missed the bus" Pixelation


First Attempt - Close camera angle


Hopefully you can tell I followed my story board right until the end, after learning that I might need a better composition or a different camera angle to let more natural light in the shot. 
I decided to change the destination to the other bus stop slightly down the road, I then discovered the long view composition (Subject walking into frame) which I really like. Also the movement of the tripod from right to left when the frame is focused on the watch is also something I really like from this clip. The side shot of the watch gives a real emphasis of 'time'.

Second Attempt - Long shot 


Her Morning Elegance - Oren Lavie

Assets: choreographed, ariel shot, neutral colours, people, pixelation, textile, tonal, natural lighting, camera, stop motion. 

Pixelation animations use real life actors instead of objects.

Unit B) Research


Traditional Animation


2D Animation - "Its the ultimate illusion, its the ultimate magic trick"
The video clip above shows house styles like Disney & Anime.
I much rather prefer Disney's house style, the animation is a lot more 'plush' and fluent its much more satisfying to watch compared to Anime. 
Personally I find I have to be in the mood to watch Anime animations, they can be quite fast and vibrant compared the the Disney animations



Nickelodeon house style 
Cartoon Network house style -  Created by: Danny Antonucc


Warner Bros house style - Steven Spielberg & Warner Bros

Cookie Jar Group (Cinar) - PBS - House style - Marc Brown

ABC -NBC House Style - Ben Hardway

Cartoon Network - Adventure time - Story Boarding
I followed the same process for my final piece. 

Stop Motion


Guldies - "Magic water" - Stop Motion
I gained influence for the background of my own stop motion of "toilet rolls", originally I was going to shoot in the bathroom. But I had better lighting facilities in my bedroom.

Assets: Claymation, Camera, Tripod, Object animation, Stop motion, Pixelation, Bathroom

Aardman Animations - Morph "Blancmange"

The use of squash and stretch is used to replicate the movement of the 'squidgey' forms, I have also tried this technique using play-doh. 

Assets: Claymation, Stop-Motion, Creative set design, Prop design, Medium shot

Shaun The Sheep - How its made

I would love to have used silicone to create a puppet for an animation, I used a steel wire armature with tin foil as padding. Unfortunately this made my puppet to rigid, it was hard to move the position of the armature without being aggressive with it. (see stop motion post)

Alan Becker Tutorials
12 Rules of animation

All animation of whatever genre it may be will use a variety of these rules for the different frames they create, these rules create the soul of the animation without it the animation would look slightly dead.  

Stop Motion - C


Stop Motion Animation 


Here is something I done quickly using the stop motion technique.
 Stop motion is done by taking a series of images, but altering the subject every time you take a photograph (frame).
This makes the object or subject look like it is moving, once the series of frames has been combined together and played in sequence to one another. 

The way I made the GIF above was created by taking roughly over 50 pictures using an iPhone 5, I did not use a tripod however. This was a little bit tricky as I could not afford to place my hand too far out of position, I had to measure with my eyes and try to position the camera in the same composition as the last frame. 

I made sure I used large white card as the background, I didn't want the animation to be disrupted by anything that could be seen as a distraction.
 I wanted the viewers attention to be focused on the 'doodle' on my hand.

The thing I would change if I were to do this again would be to slow the frames per second down (FPS), because the frames are being shown at a faster rate it doesn't give the 'doodle' much justice. I created this animation using 'gifmaker', an online editing platform for stop motion animation.


Stop Motion - Toilet Roll Animation (Object Animation)


After experimenting with 2D animation, I wanted to create an animation that included 3D forms. I was influenced by Nick Park's claymation called "creature comforts". I enjoyed the comedy that he presented from the characters he created, I also liked the way that the characters could relate to one another about things that they like or problems they have. 

Nick Park - Creature Comforts - 1989

I respected the way that he made all the characters have some sort of animation, wether if they're action was small or large. He made sure they were included no matter how important the characters roll was in the scene. It makes the entire animation look legitimate, the claymation has close resemblance to real life due to the body and facial expressions of all involved.  


Character Design - Toilet Rolls

For my character design I wanted to it to have some resebalance towards creature comforts, I wanted the characters to have some chemistry. Also I wanted them to have their own personality.

I decided on a story that involved toilet paper being 'fed up' of all the shit they have to take, literally. Because if toilet paper was real and had a voice, I have no doubt in my mind that this is how it would play out! 


Reasons for choosing toilet paper as my object to animate is because I feel like this particular object already has a lot of background information, it wasn't difficult to come up with a story board for this object so to speak. For instance if I used a pillow as my object with the same sort of facial features, the story wouldn't of been that interesting because pillows are referenced to sleep! And toilet paper can be referenced to many disgusting things, but I decided the best way to create a story would be to animate an angry toilet roll that is fed up of all the shit he has to take from people! 
This toilet roll can reflect many peoples lives, I'm sure most people are sick of other peoples shit too!

Toilet roll 'lip syncrinisation sheet' 

Toilet roll #1 facial features & speech


I created three different sheets like the ones above for the three different characters involved, I made life easier for myself to include which mouth action determined which letter. 
This defiantly helped me when animating the speech(text) I was using, I could always use the lip sync sheet as a reference point. 

Because the toilet roll is a non malluable ridged object, the main body of the characters mainly remained the same. The roll as an object to animate with was pleasing and forgiving, because of its soft compound it was really easy to change the individual mouth movements between frames. To do this I applied a blue tac on the cut outs I made, and applied them on a point I marked on the roll.
It was crucial that I made the mouth actions be in sync with the text that was going to be portrayed, because this was going to be the main focal point.

Movement of the roll's was also a joy, I wanted them to walk and not slide across the scene.
To represent this I placed a small ball of tissue under the characters 'edge' to tilt the object to one side, I repeated this process again by placing the tissue on the opposite from the frame before.
I repeated this method to give the illusion that the roll is 'waddling' across frame (Roll #3), I also used  this process also for Roll #1 & #2 to represent 'staging' of their speech.

Lighting and background set up of toilet roll stop motion animation

This is how I configued my set for the animation, I used a bath mat for the foreground, large white card as the backdrop, and also the remaining toilet rolls in the packaging placed on the outskirts of the foreground (not pictured above).
All these things enhanced my animation because they are in contrast to each other, they look like they belong to the set. Originally I was going to shoot this animation in my bathroom, however doing this would not allow me to get the lighting how I wanted it.   
For the lighting I used my main light in my bedroom which is quite dim as it is, as the overhead light. But to enhance the facial expressions of the subjects I used a lamp to shine at a angle, doing this encreased the tone and contrast of the entire scene also added shadows which makes it look more human. 
As you can see I used a tripod help create these images, using a tripod makes the work production of animation much more easy going. I placed the tripod parrallel to the toilet rolls, I was trying to implicate the composition of Nick Park's characters from 'creature comforts'.  


To record this I used my iPhone 4 attached to a tripod, It took 109 photos to create this animation. I  then used Photoshop to help make the images 'move'. Photoshop has an editing platform which allows you to flatten layers into frames and vice versa, the platform is called 'timeline'.
Timeline helped me depict the correct fps for the animation (30fps), I also massively appreciate how straight forward it was to insert text at the right moment. I could literally press 'play' to animate the layers, and 'stop' on the layer that needed the text to be inserted. 

'Timeline' - Photoshop

Another example of process similar to my own with different objects.
Stop motion animation by 'Klutz' (klutz.com)

'While its hot' Stop Frame Animation

Before creating the 'Toilet roll' animation I first practised using a tripod for stop frame animation, I used an iPhone 4 for everything. (excluding 2D animations. Scanner)

Im glad I practiced this beforehand as stop frame animation can be very easy to mess up, if you notice the animation below of the pizza being eaten. You can see the position of the camera moves when its nearing the last frame, it was going so well to. 
It is very difficult to move the camera back to its correct position if the tripod has been tampered with, I now knew this was something to avoid at all costs. Its very annoying! 


"EAT OUT"- Food stop motion animation video (Vimeo)
Crispian Abbot is the director of this stop frame animation, he has used the same house style as my own featured below. 
His version is much better than mine for obvious reasons, the food he has used is much more mouth watering  when compared to a pizza. 
However we both have used the same style, we both depict a plate of food being eaten.
I could imagine this animation being used as a clip in a avert for supermarkets, food chains, or even student culture maybe. I just envisioned a pizza being devoured in front of your very eyes, so I adjusted the animation to 30fps then the playback was very fast which is what I wanted to achieve originally. 

Assets (for both): Tripod, Real life objects (object animation - food), food being eaten



Walk Cycle - Split Pin Stop Animation

A walk cycle is very important in animation as a whole, if you do not get this right the final animation will look poorly finished.
It is important to know that the body and head do not follow the same path on a linear line, its more like a waved line. This is because the head reaches a 'high point' and a 'low point' when walking, the arms should be the furthest apart when at the lowest point.

The 'animation survival kit' (sketch below) by Richard Williams best describes how a walk cycle should be portrayed. 

The walk cycle I have done was my first attempt at doing this, I have forgiven myself for not doing it correctly. The arms and legs start off very well, also the head and torso meet a high and low point at the start. But then it started to go wrong, when the cycle repeated itself it began to look rushed and not legitimate. The head stays on the same line as its walking also, this is something I need to avoid doing in the future. 

Animations would usually have the character stay on the same spot but portray the whole walk cycle, the only thing that would move would be the background. This save the person who is animating drawing across the whole frame, however if you do that having marked out measured steps will help you make the correct placements. I should have considered this when creating the stop motion animation below, It would of helped me focus on the position of the limbs much more easier.

Assets: Walk cycle, split pin with paper, stop motion, tripod, card background, ariel shot.





Walk cycle tutorial by Alan Becker



Stop Motion - Time Lapse 

Bedroom Window

Front Window

Tony Ross - East London




Stop Frame Animation - Final Piece (did not do)

Originally for my final piece I was going to shoot a stop motion animation of a 2D character in a 3D backdrop, it was quite a compacted idea to begin with.  

Original Storyboard of "Friday"




Character Design - Boss & Main Charachter
 

Armature of character
Steel wire & tin foil



Diorama - room with computer (office)





 In the grand scheme of things, I think I made things way to difficult for myself. The work load I had was not appropriate for the deadline, I had to make a load more backdrops like the one I made already. For instance I wanted one shot of a entire street, so I could have a long camera angle like the pixilation animation I done previously. But making a entire street from paper seemed a little to time consuming, so I tried settling on the first scene.

the choice of mediums I used for the subject was also not very pleasant to work with, the wire I used was a little bit still when bent also with tin-foil over the top made it less malleable and harder to capture natural body movements.

In the end I took the tin foil and play-doh off the armature and decided just to use the armature as my character, movement was easier like this. I shot as far as opening the door of my scene and closing it, this took about 50 frames to do. This is when I decided I did not want to continue with this certain project of mine, It was completely different to what I planned. I felt I was wasting valuable time doing this, I haven't give up on it ill just come back to it when I have better circumstances.

Draft of final 

The other ideaI had while creating this was to have my wire armature do the same action as above, but then continues to computer and activates 'Facebook'. From here a virus pops up and says "sure you want to download" - Armature clicks "yes", then downloads 'face' onto sculpture. (Playdoh will mould into a face from the computer) 

Squash & Stretch


Idea for "Facebook" Animation


Guldies - "Magic Water"
I gained influence for the background of my own stop motion of "toilet rolls", originally I was going to shoot in the bathroom. But I had better lighting facilities in my bedroom. 
Also note that I have tried to implicate the use of claymation in my own terms, I tried 'squash and stretch' using playdoh. Also made a rough animation of playdoh coming out of a computer, eventually I wanted to create a scene where the playdoh formed a face onto the wire sculpture. 

Whiteboard Stop Motion Animation 

Assets: Tripod, Camera, Whiteboard, Pens, Stop motion